12 Angry Men | Appeal To Pity

12 Angry Men | Appeal To Pity Juror eight used Appeal to pity fallacy which was the most powerful fallacy in the film 12 Angry Men. If we want to see which of the fallacies in the film is used most effectively, we have to take a closer look at which juror did the best job. Twelve jurors gathered in a hot court room to decide if an 18-year- old young man, who had been accused of killing his father, was guilty or not. At first, eleven jurors voted for guilty and one for not guilty. Obviously, eleven jurors, who voted for guilty, had come to vote in a few minutes and go back home, but it was juror eight who convinced other jurors to change their vote. Even though 11 jurors voted for guilty, juror 8 proposed an Appeal to pity fallacy, which was used most effectively, and helped other jurors to investigate the events step by step, and convinced them to vote for not guilty. Juror eight used Appeal to pity fallacy in an effective way. He proposed the first fallacy of the film. He did not claim that the boy was not guilty in a straight way, but when he proposed an Appeal to pity fallacy, it became clear that he wanted to find a reason to convince other jurors that the boy was not guilty. As a result, when juror three asked him if he really thought the boy was innocent, Juror eight said that he did not know. After that, he explained that the boy was not guilty because he was an 18-year- old boy with a miserable past. In juror eights opinion, the boy was too young to kill his father. This is an appeal to pity fallacy because the boys age and miserable life have nothing to do with his conviction. There is an important point here. This fallacy is a positive form of an Appeal to pity fallacy because when juror eight talked about the boys past, other jurors started to think about the events and try to look at the problem in a different way. As if they did not k now anything about investigation at all, and juror eights fallacy gave them an idea to analyze all testimonies which they had heard in main court room. Moreover, he never showed any bad or rude behavior to other jurors. He was always polite. Along with these good behaviors, he was very smart. For example, before the court appointment, he had gone to investigate the neighborhood of the house. This is a kind of smart approach because it revealed an important point about switch-knife. Moreover, even though there was no advance equipment in their hot room, juror eight asked for the diagram of the building and gave an idea to other jurors to measure the time intervals of events with simple and inaccurate tools. At first, other jurors did not accept, but when they heard juror eights smart descriptions, they changed their mind. Because of juror eights smart arrangement, other jurors saw the results and add their own analysis. For example, juror nine explained about the dragging leg of the old man who testified in the court. Then, juror two talked about the stabbing angle of switch knife. After that, it was juror four who described the mechanism of the switch-knife. At last, when all pieces of the puzzle were founded, they changed their vote for not guilty. As a result, Appeal to pity, which was juror eights fallacy, was the most effective fallacy in the film. It changed the situation in favor of accused boy, and saved his life. Calm behavior and effective fallacy of Juror eight convinced juror three. Juror three was the most aggressive opponent, but juror eight finally managed to persuade him to change his vote. This is an important point because juror three never wanted to change his vote. As a result, comparing to other jurors, I was very hard for juror eight to convince juror three. If we take a closer look at juror eight and juror three and compare their behavior, we may see how well juror eight did and how effective juror eights fallacy was. During the meeting, by convincing jurors one by one, the fallacy of juror eight became more and more effective, and the juror three became more and more aggressive. In other words, when juror three saw how other jurors were convicted by juror eights smart approaches, he became more aggressive. For example, after taking preliminary vote, when Juror three talked about the facts and the neighborhood womans testimony, he seemed a very strong and logical jury, but when juror eight proposed his fallacy, juror three became nervous and attacked to juror eight and threatened him. In contrast, Juror eight did not pay any attention to juror threes aggressive behavior and convinced other jurors one by one. When juror three saw that juror eights effusive reasoning convinced others, he said he did not care. He continued his opposition and talked about his argument with his son to prove that he was right. After that, when Juror eight found out that juror eight had a bias against the accused boy, he continued his work more calmly. The calm behavior of juror eight was not tolerable for juror three. As a result, juror three become more aggressive. He revealed his main reason of opposition and showed the photo of his son. Here is an important point. Actually, this was juror threes turning point because when he tried to show the photo, he felt his valet. He was very nervous. The level of his anger showed that in response to juror eights effective fallacy, he had nothing to say. In my opinion, the calm behavior of juror eight was one of the important reasons which made juror three angry, and persuaded him to change his mind. For example, juror eight was very smart and knew that the anxiety of the juror three was based on his past. Moreover, in the middle of meeting, we may see that the argument of juror eight became more personal because he claimed that if he were the executor, he would pull the execution switch. Again, this was juror eight who did better job because his smart behavior obliged juror three to play his last card and reveal the photo of his son. At last, when other jurors left him alone, he torn the photo of his son and acknowledged that it was his whole reason. This is one of the most important moments of this film. Because it shows that the fallacy of juror eight was the most effective fallacy which managed to convince the last juror. In the end of the film, we see that juror eight completed his smart approach. He did not le ft juror three alone. He was the last juror who calmed juror three and accompanied him to left the meeting room. In my opinion, Juror eights effective fallacy step by step convicted juror three to change his vote, and the calm behavior of juror eight played an important role in this procedure. In conclusion, juror eight used an appeal to peaty fallacy, which was the most powerful fallacy in the film, to convince other jurors to change their vote. Juror eight talked about the boys past live. For example, he mentioned that the boy was eighteen years old and could not kill his father. Even though they were not relevant to boys charge, helped other jurors to think over the case, and analyze the evidence step by step. Without his leadership, other jurors did not even know what to do. Most of the jurors had come to vote in two or three minutes and go home. Juror eights fallacy gave them an idea of thinking about the details. After that, we saw that other jurors started to think about events carefully, and add their own understanding to the main incident. For example, they did various measuring time tests and made a connection between the tests. Through the discussion, other jurors convinced one another and changed their vote based on juror eights fallacy. In the end of the film, juror three was the last juror who was convinced and changed his vote for not guilty. Juror three was the most aggressive opponent, but juror eights effective fallacy convinced him to change his vote. In my opinion, this film is a sample of democracy in The United States of America. Different people from different social levels try to convince each other and make a strong verdict to save someones life.it was the fallacy of juror eight which helped others to find a solution.

Analysis of Articles Opposing American Aid to Columbia :: Government

Analysis of Articles Opposing American Aid to Columbia In â€Å"Are We ‘Salvadorizing’ Colombia?†, Garry M. Leech claims that the current situation in Colombia is a replicate description of Salvador in the 1980’s. He explains how the Clinton Administration imitated Ronal Regan’s Administration during the 1980s. â€Å"Plan Colombia: A Closer Look†, also by Garry M. Leech, claims that the aid given to Colombia by the US government will not â€Å"end Colombia’s civil war, retrieve the nation’s economy nor put the narco-traffickers out of business†. The $1.3 billion aid package is divide, not to benefit the Colombian people but rather benefit the Colombian’s political and economic elite. In this essay, I will analyze this two academic articles relative to the current political situation in Colombia and its direct relation with the United States’ Agency for International Development (USAID). Garry M. Leech is very detailed when pointing out evidence to support his claims. He points out, in â€Å"Are We ‘Salvadorizing’ Colombia?†, that during the 1980s the Regan Administration used the Cold War to justify its support to the Salvadoran government; while, the Clinton Administration used cocaine to justify its support to the Colombian government. According to this article, the threat of drug trade in the US should not be confused with the current civil war in Colombia. He supports these arguments with historical evidence by stating that this civil war began as a fight for the repressive Colombian Government during the 1950s; meanwhile, the drug war began with the boom of cocaine in the 1970s. This evidence is again used in â€Å"Plan Colombia: A Closer Look† to support Leech’s claim that â€Å"eliminating the violence related to drug trade will do little to solve the underlying political, social, and economical problems that have been the real cause of all the violence that has occurred throughout Colombian history.† Leech assumes that the modern reader is aware of the misconceptions caused by the fear of communism during the Cold War. He relates this with the Colombian case, trying to sympathize with the reader, and making them believe that it is wrong approach to fight the drug war. Another important claim mentioned is the relation between the Colombian military and the paramilitaries; therefore, the indirect relation with drug trade and human rights violation. In â€Å"Plan Colombia: A Closer Look†, he states that 80% of the USAID package is going to the Colombian military and police force.

Influence of Space on Human Life

Everything that on the Earth similar to that in the sky. Hermes Trismegist For thousand-year history human being has always tried to learn the world around him and looked into illimitable spaces of the sky. Human being has always felt hunger for knowledge. Thirst for new knowledge has always presented in the human being. The human nature itself has leaded us to discover previously unknown secrets. I have always liked Apple Company. Now, when I have learned more about Steve Jobs, one of the founders of Apple Company I have understood why this company so imposed to me.Jobs and Waz put their souls into their business. They set a goal to be successful and searched greedy for new knowledge. Jobs's favorite expression is: â€Å"Stay hungry. Stay foolish†. If try to find qualities inherent to such successful people as politicians or businessmen it became possible to set the simple pattern that they put big sometimes fantastic goals before themselves and they have great diligence. It is a key to success, progress and development. The Universe always has been the main object of the human being observation. Our ancestors looked into the sky and much was unknown to them.Illimitable depths of the sky attracted them. Movement of the Sun and the Earth and other celestial bodies were the main objects of scientific researchers at all times. The human being has begun to overcome the earth’s gravity several centuries ago. Half a century ago and so far, the only time the human being has left his footprint on the surface of the Moon. It is very small time span in the scale of the Universe. Our telescopes and spacecrafts cannot scan and overcome necessary distances yet. Technological progress level of a mankind does not allow studying space bodies we are interested in.It is necessary for us to make the next evolutionary step. Because there is a continuous movement and there are processes in there where we still cannot look in. They can change the Solar system configur ation so to change our planet and life. We should study intensively and try to simulate possible exposure scenarios to be ready for unknown threats. The mankind should try to be rescued as in fact the future is in our hands. I have chosen a theme of space randomly. My mother is a journalist. She makes films commissioned by domestic television channels. My mother has worked above her next film in 2008.This time she has chosen a theme of innovations in economy. She has convincingly showed the value of space researches for development of Kazakhstan economy in her project. It is generally known that the largest cosmodrome on the Earth is in the territory of my country. It is Baikonur cosmodrome. Yuri Gagarin the first person has departed to the space from the first launching pad of Baikonur. Today hundreds of rockets a year are launched from our cosmodrome. These rockets launch satellites, space stations and the scientific equipment into the low Earth orbit.Discoveries which do scientis ts in space help to develop science and agriculture and also to learn changes in climate and many other things. Then I would like to learn more about influence of space on our life and what can we expects after 100, 300 or 500 years pass. Also it was very interesting to learn what lurks beyond the Solar system. In fact we know very little about it. In this project I would try to highlight only small part of the mentioned theme about the Universe Secrets as it is too extensive and deep theme to consider it entirely.Therefore, leaning only on known and clear to me facts, I have decided to develop such important theme in my project as â€Å"Influence of space on human life†. Now would like to tell about my aim. Based on the foregoing, I have a purpose to create informative electronic book for Miras International School community. With the help of my project I wish to inform others that the theme about the Universe can be very interesting. To learn about science researches and di rections that study space threats and ways of its definition and prevention.We should know on what a fragile and defenseless planet we live. All of this is madly interesting and fearful simultaneously. Plots of fantastic films can become a reality. My work can change our attitude to space, someone can be interested and someone can look at the world surrounding us in another way, to value and love it. We cannot notice it but every day we feel influence of the Sun, the Moon or other celestial bodies to the Earth and people. Day and night, ebbs or flows in the seas and oceans all of that is a result of the influence of the space bodies on our planet.We also know what impact can be in case of collision of the Earth with large fragments of space bodies (asteroids, comets, meteors, etc. ). Scientists are unable to define impacts of such collision yet. Large meteorites fell to the Earth at various times. Traces of the Tunguska meteorite in territory of Russia can be seen today. There was a great fire on the large territory. Thousand hectares of wood have been tumbled down. And what can be if great comet or its part would collide with the Earth. Any scientist can predict such collision impacts. Such collision can be tragic for the mankind.Considering this, I put primary objectives which I would try to highlight in my project: a. To view the literature on my topic; b. Find out how space affects human life; c. Investigate those questions: * What is the Universe? * To study the theoretical aspects and identify â€Å"Influence of space on human life†; * What is the main problem of â€Å"Influence of space on human life†? * How to solve those problems? * How much interesting the theme of space, its secret and influence of the space on human life can be? * In what direction the space science is developing? What successes scientists have? * How can I influence the outlook of people? d. Find the answers to the following questions: * In what sphere of activity yo u see yourself: in the humanitarian or natural? *   Who would you like to become in the future? Why? *   What is the main danger for humanity could you pick up? *   What is more dangerous for humanity: the threat of the earth or out of the earth? *   How can we influence the reduction of these threats? *   Can new technologies to harm our planet? *   Are there in the Universe any other civilization? *   Where is the end of the universe? e.Collect variety and good amount of sources and resources (interviews, surveys, newspaper, books, internet); f. Choose the most efficient way to transfer information (conceptual table); g. Create a product. My topic connect with area interaction â€Å"Human-Ingenuity†. A person must think about consequences of his activity. Year after year the human being learns more and more about his planet and the world about him. Events seeming today a fantasy tomorrow can be the ordinary phenomena. In fact, once spaceflights were themes of fantasts. A person creates, opens new technologies for alleviation of his life.In many cases things that created by the hands of the person is going as a harm. Our technologies lead serious changes of flora and fauna composition, quantity of population. Some kinds adapt to changed conditions, the other can disappear from the face of the earth. Therefore, we must always think that everything created by man was a blessing for all, not harming our environment. I dare to assume that the more people would learn about the probable collisions of the Earth with celestial bodies the more people would be shown with interest to this theme and probably would start to investigate this direction of the science seriously.Indeed, many people are blind about what can be with close to them people, houses if the Earth would be overtaken with monstrous accident suddenly. Then from the map of the Earth not only separate cities and states can disappear but also the Earth can stop its existence and human civilization would come to the end and the great minds, states should joint their efforts, scientific and intellectual resources to prevent such tragedy. The ideology of our actions is very simple only joint efforts are chance to survive.

Comparison International Business, International...

3. What are the similarities and differences between international business, International Transactions and International trade? (2 pages) 3.1 The similarity between international business, international transaction and international trade are described below. International trade is voluntary exchange of goods, services, assets, or money between residents of two countries. According to Alan M. Rugman and Richard M (2000:154) International trade is the branch of economics concerned with the exchange of goods and services with foreign countries or among countries across national boundaries. Some of the basic similarity between international trade and international business are listed below: * Trade arises because of regional†¦show more content†¦* There are two types of trade. They are: i) Bilateral trade ii) Multilateral trade * Some types of international business activities are: Importing and exporting, Foreign Direct Investments, Licensing, Franchising, Management contract. Generally, international trade is a much narrow set of activities and consists of exports and imports (e.g. goods and services) only. * International business in not only consist of international trade and foreign manufacturers but it consist of the growing service industry in such area as transportation, tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling, and mass communication. Reference Donald A. Ball and Wendell H. McCulloch. (1990) International Business introduction and essential: 4thed, Von Hoffmann press, USA Alan M. Rugman and Richard M. Hodgetts. (2000) International Business A Strategic Management Approch: 2nd ed. Rotolito Lombada, Italy International trade * Trade: voluntary exchange of goods, services, assets, or money between one person or organization and another * International trade: trade between residents of two countries International trade is the branch of economics concerned with the exchange of goods and services with foreign countries. 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